Abstract

Research Article

Demographic pattern of refractive anomalies in Niger Delta presbyopes - Implications for preventive eye care practice

Ireju Onyinye Chukwuka* and Chinyere Nnenne Pedro-Egbe

Published: 29 January, 2020 | Volume 4 - Issue 1 | Pages: 005-008

Background/Aim: In spite of global initiatives to provide sight for all by the year 2020, many middle-aged to elderly people in the Niger Delta still have significant visual impairment due to uncorrected refractive errors. The aim of this study is to assess the types of refractive anomalies that occur among presbyopic patients in Port Harcourt and determine the demographic pattern of these anomalies based on age and gender characteristics.

Methodology: This is a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study in which sixty consecutive adult patients for refraction were seen. Every adult patient that came to get glasses during the study period was included in the study except where ocular or systemic contraindications were present. In addition to visual acuity, all patients had a detailed ocular examination and then refraction. The collected data was subsequently analysed using SPSS version 20.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 54.4 ± 9.4 years with a range of 35 to 80 years. A total of 60 patients were seen, comprising 30 males and 30 females. The commonest refractive error was presbyopia with hyperopic astigmatism and this accounted for 80% of all cases. Hyperopic presbyopia and presbyopia alone were the least common.

Conclusion: There is a high level of cylindrical and spherical errors in Port Harcourt. The full optical correction should always be prescribed to presbyopic patients to fully correct the associated visual impairment and improve the patients’ well-being.

Read Full Article HTML DOI: 10.29328/journal.ijceo.1001025 Cite this Article Read Full Article PDF

Keywords:

Refractive anomalies; Presbyopia; Port Harcourt; Nigeria

References

  1. Foster A, Resnikoff S. The impact of Vision 2020 on global blindness. Eye. 2005; 19: 1133-1135. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16304595
  2. Resnikoff S, Pascolini D, Mariotti SP, Pokharel GP. Global magnitude of visual impairment caused by uncorrected refractive errors in 2004. Bull World Health Organ. 2008; 86: 63-70. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18235892
  3. Ezelum C, Razavi H, Sivasubramaniam S, Gilbert CE, Murthy GV, et al. Nigeria National Blindness and Visual Impairment Study Group. Refractive Error in Nigerian Adults: Prevalence, Type, and Spectacle Coverage. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011; 52: 5449-5456.
  4. Chinawa NE, Pedro-Egbe CN, Ejimadu CS. The Impact of Presbyopia among teachers in Public schools in Rural communities in Rivers State and the benefits of Prebyopic correction. Int J Med Medical Sci. 2016; 3: 169-172.
  5. Abah ER, Chinda D, Samaila E, Anyebe EE. Profile of refractive errors and presbyopia in a university community: A clinical study. Ann Nigerian Med. 2010; 4: 55-58.
  6. Hashemi H, Akbar F, Abbasali Y, Reza P, Hadi O, et al. Global and Regional Estimates of Prevalence of Refractive Errors: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Current Ophthalmol. 2018; 30: 3-22.
  7. McCarty CA. Uncorrected refractive error. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006; 90: 521-522.
  8. Malu KN. Presbyopia in Plateau state, Nigeria: A hospital study. J Med Tropics. 2013; 15: 151-155.
  9. Koroye-Egbe A, Overensi-Ogbomo G, Adio A. Refractive error status in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. J Nigerian Optometric Association. 2010; 16: 11-6.
  10. Lawan A, Okpo E, Philips E. Refractive errors in Presbyopic patients in Kano. Annals of African medicine. 2014; 13: 21-24. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24521573
  11. Bogunjoko TJ, Hassan AO, Anene CI, Ogbonna IJ. Refractive error patterns at a community eye hospital in Southwest of Nigeria. Int J Information Res Rev. 2017; 4: 4334-4338.
  12. Bekibele CO, Gureje O. Impact of self-reported visual impairment on quality of life in the Ibadan study of ageing. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008; 92: 612-615. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18296505
  13. Patel I, Munoz B, Burke AG, Kayongoya A, McHiwa W, et al. Impact of presbyopia on quality of life in a rural African setting. Ophthalmology. 2006; 113: 728-734. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16650665

Figures:

Figure 1

Figure 1

Similar Articles

Recently Viewed

Read More

Most Viewed

Read More

Help ?